For the celebration of Berlin's 750th anniversary in 1987, only two years before the unexpected fall of the Berlin Wall, the socialist regime in the German Democratic Republic remodeled some of the long-despised late-19th-century tenement neighborhoods and fitted them out with the insignia of historic everyday life. Simultaneously, it approved the construction of a number of representative architectural ensembles using different historic styles.

This paper analyzes the evolution of this new historic city in the context of two particular locations, the neo-historical development Nikolaiviertel and the tenement district Prenzlauer Berg. It argues that the construction of the historic city was, on the one hand, an intellectual endeavor within a cultural context that cut across political and ideological boundaries and, on the other hand, the strategy of a regime that found itself under increasing economic and political pressure. It further argues that in designing the historic city EastGerman architects, planners, and politicians adapted an international cultural development within the narrow framework of the socialist state and anticipated many aspects of urban planning that emerged afterGermanreunification. Promoting an unspecific notion of “the past,” they initiated a renaissance of once neglected neighborhoods, which afterreunification became prime locations for upmarket housing and retail. Construction policy before and afterreunification therefore has to be seen as a continuous development, despite the fact that after the end of the socialist regime planners and architects from the former East were largely excluded from the decision-making process. Despite the different political and economic system in the GDR, EastBerlin design politics during the 1980s paralleled approaches in the West, where real and imagined urban history was increasingly commodified and marketed to local elites and tourists.